The Romantic And Classic Ages Of European Music - 1015 Words

Music is widely considered to be the least rational of the arts, and thus the one least openly associated with fundamentals of the outside world; all the same, musicians of considerable significance have been both consciously and subconsciously molded by the environment in which they reside and as such they may interpret and bring the world to life in the language of music. The Romantic and Classic ages of European music can be simply put as the period of time between the deaths of Ludwig Van Beethoven in 1827, and that of Gustav Mahler in 1911. Despite this convenient partition, history has never been one to divide itself so precisely. There were certainly early makings of Romanticism well before 1827, and after 1911. So a better time†¦show more content†¦One of the emerging voices of the era was a French composer named Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who, along with his followers, expressed the idea that both progress and science were taking mankind away from their natural roots, and nature had all of the makings of a simpler life. Vivaldi, in the Four Seasons, and Beethoven, in the Pastoral Symphony, also depict nature or natural phenomena as a part of everyday life; depicting it sometimes pleasant, while other times annoying, and even, at times, rather terrifying. In this romantic mentality, nature was viewed as a mysterious and independent, yet awe inspiring force. This new found connection with nature provided a foundation of inspiration, as well as beauty and truth; and is one of the major themes of Romanticism. The form in which Romantic music first visibly manifested itself was through hymn, both voice and piano; these pieces were almost always quite simple, sounding most closely to folk music, and were usually referred to by the name Lied. Further, these songs were usually strictly Strophic, which simply means that they divided into verses which are repeated without variation until the entire song has been sung. Mozart and Beethoven, are two of more famous Composers, who wrote many such Lieder (plural of Lied); which were often lovely works, but in no way represented major

Vietnam’s Inflation Free Essays

Vietnam’s government is set to raise electricity prices by 15% on Tuesday, at a time when the population is already struggling with a soaring cost of living. Last week the Vietnamese government also raised the retail prices of oil products by as much as 24%. In February, inflation hit a two-year high of 12. We will write a custom essay sample on Vietnam’s Inflation or any similar topic only for you Order Now 31%. Analysts say despite the government’s measures to tighten monetary policy, price pressures are likely to continue. â€Å"The increases in energy, electricity and petroleum indicate that we are going to see inflation get a little worse despite the shift in government policy,† said Christian de Guzman of Moody’s Investor Group. Overheating For years the Vietnamese government has kept a loose interest rate policy and subsidized lending in order to boost growth. The government expects the economy to expand as much as 7. 5%, up from 6. 8% in 2010. But the cost of that rapid pace is that the economy has started to show signs of overheating. Credit rating agencies cut the country’s sovereign-credit rating last year. Inflation fears have also caused a sell-off in Vietnamese markets. Vietnam’s benchmark stock index has slid 6. 7% in the past year. The Vietnamese government was focused on growth at all costs,† said Mr de Guzman. â€Å"By the middle of last year they had already reached their inflation target but then they continued to pursue other macroeconomic policy targets like credit growth and gross domestic product growth,† he said. Fighting inflation But since the beginning of this year, the government seems to have shifted its policies towards stabilizing prices. Last week the Vie tnamese government announced a set of measures to curb inflation. Electricity prices have been raised in an effort to reduce budget spending The central bank recently raised the cost of borrowing. It increased the benchmark refinance rate by 2 percentage points from 9% to 11%. The government has also vowed to reduce government debt. To that effect, it cut the budget-deficit target to less than 5% of gross domestic product, from 5. 3%. Reducing government spending on subsidies for fuel and electricity are also part of that plan. â€Å"In order to stave off inflation, they want to cut back on subsidies. It does alleviate some of the pressure on the budget,† said Mr de Guzman. Dong devaluation The other major strain on the Vietnamese economy is the currency. The central bank devalued the dong against the US dollar by 8. 5%. It is the latest in a series of devaluations the government has implemented to reduce the risk of a shortfall in foreign currency reserves. However, that will lead to higher import costs, which in turn, could again increase inflationary pressures. How to cite Vietnam’s Inflation, Papers

okay.doc Essay Example For Students

okay.doc Essay Okay, on to CLSA. Heres a base case on why CLSA/e Equity Access nixedSybase ASE 11.9 for Microsoft SQL Server 2000 on their research database. Problem to solve:=================Provide a mechanism that will enable secure electronic contribution andstorage of information related to equity research data, as well as, amechanism to enable secure electronic distribution of the information storedin a repository or data warehouse. Factors affecting the implementationincluded:* Providing access to the mechanisms via intranet and internet connectivity* Ensuring the contribution / storage / notification process can beperformed in ; 5seconds once the information has been submitted forconfirmation* Ensuring performance (i.e., user response time) as it relates to thedistribution of information can be performed in ; 5 seconds once requested* The contribution function must support no less than 1000 simultaneoususers located in 15 countries. * The distribution mechanism must support not less than 2,000,000simultaneous users located in 57 countries. * Rapid startup time (3 months for a prototype 9 months for production)Those were my requirements --The issues:=================Our parent firm was already using a home-grown research database forcontribution and distribution of 400 GB of research information. It wassuggested that we copy their setup and code to meet our rapid startuprequirement. Our parent firm had implemented a Sybase ASE 11.9 database running onhigh-end HP Unix servers (hp superdome with 256GB memory with a 2000GB (2TB)mirrored storage array)engineered for large-scale databases. This high-endarchitecture is ideal for the specific demands of online transactionprocessing workloads and high availability (never goes down). Unfortunately,the whole setup is very expensive and very centralized (Hong Kong). In orderto meet their performance criteria, they resorted to distributing all orparts of the database across multiple servers in different time zones. Thiswas very expensive solution to maintain because of the database licensing,hardware, communication costs associated with distributing the data, andpersonnel to support the distributed databases (3 databases x 55 tables ineach database x 4 countries). We were starting with 6 countries and over 100,000 simultaneous users. Theparent solution cost would have an initial capital expenditure of $4,200,000and a run rate of $46,000 per month (to start). Our budget to start was somewhere around $125,000 (not including personnel). -This is how I make a living ==============================Using a copy of Microsoft SQL Server 2000, I prototyped the database andsupporting structures (indexes, stored procs, tables, etc) in two weeksusing our parent firm and another successful internet-based researchsupplier as templates for our base service. The license for the software was$900, and the server was already being used for other non-production work. SQL Server license was free because we already had a development license. I set SQL (ANSI SQL-92), JAVA (J2EE), Javascript, XML, and HTLM as thebaseline for our standards for development. Notepad was the developmenttool. I picked up a free evaluation copy of ColdFusion 5.0 for themiddleware components and downloaded JDK 1.3 from Sun.com for the Javadevelopment environment. The majority of the database activity revolves around a master transactiontable for collecting and distributing data. Seperate reference tables (in1-to-many relationships with the transaction tables) are used for useraccess, markets, countries, clients, contributors, names, address, etc, inorder to minimize table maintenance and complicated screen inputs. Command-line batch jobs using SQL BULK INSERT we created to transfer databetween database servers. In six weeks we were ready to test the systems performance on a CompaqProliant 8500 class machine with 8 CPUs, 16GB memory, with external storagefor 200GB. We had

Native Americans Essays - American Culture, , Term Papers

Native Americans Many times throughout history, specific events occur that explain why the existence of Native Americans are necessary for the Spanish and English colonists to survive. The Native Americans were like parents to the Spanish and English colonists. As a newborn baby is introduced to the new world, alike, the Spanish and English were introduced to a New World in which the Natives were already a part of. Their inhabitance of the land dates back to many thousands of years ago where they inhabited all regions of the America's. When the Europeans arrived the Natives gave the colonists knowledge about the land. At times the Natives cared for them and supplied them with food and various other things. They also provided work for the colonists whether the Natives were slaves, servants or allied forces. Economically, the Natives were needed very much for anything the colonists would export to Europe. Throughout history, the colonists' dependency on the Natives was clearly shown and the how the col onists exploited the Natives in every possible way was also clear. What the colonists needed most from the Natives was their knowledge of the land. Because the Natives lived in the America's for thousands of years, they are familiar with the area and they know how to work with it. For example, when Cortez landed on the Mexican shores on 1519, he used the Aztecs for their gold. When he found out where the Aztecs were getting their gold from, he simply destroyed them after he used them for their knowledge. Spanish colonists also had to learn a lot from the Pima, Pueblo and Papagos to be able to continue their farming in the very dry Southwest. Another tribe's knowledge the colonists needed for survival was the Hohokam. ?The Hohokam built and maintained the first irrigation system in America, channeling river water many miles to desert fields of maize, beans, squash, tobacco, and cotton. ? The Hohokam's knowledge of the dry lands and irrigation was passed on to later tribes, which was ultimately acquired by the colonists. This type of knowledge is essential to survival of the colonists because you could imagine what would happen to these farmers when they are left in a desert with no assistance, they would die! Thus, the knowledge of the land that the Natives had was critical to the survival of the colonists. Yet, with all the knowledge they provided, it still wasn't enough. Not only were the colonists dependent on the knowledge the Natives provided, but they also needed their care and their supplies. At times, the colonists reached the shores of the New World and met harsh conditions that they were not prepared for, yet the Natives have adapted to. At times like these, the Natives would care for this unknown kind. For example, in 1608 when 144 people were sent to Chesapeake to begin the first permanent English colony (Jamestown) and ?[the colonists] survived the first year only with Powhatan's material assistance. ? They were unable to support themselves. ? The same incident occurred on the island of Roanoke when the colony there, ?Was incapable of supporting itself... [the tribe leader] did the hospitable thing. ? Another example where the Natives did the hospitable thing for the colonists was at Plymouth when the Natives fed and cared for the Pilgrims. The previous examples prove the Natives were needed for the colonists' survival. Almost all of the E nglish colonies in the beginning would have perished if it weren't for the Natives. The Natives are also responsible for ?Supply[ing] [the first European colonists in the south] with rich harvests from their extensive fields? .? It's hard to believe that with all the violence that goes on between the two cultures, that the Natives would actually give their own addiction of tobacco to the colonists. The Natives taught the colonists how to grow these plants and they used the Natives' fertile, mild soil around the Mississippian River. As well as that, English colonists on the northeast shores of the U.S. farmed maize on the same land and fished in the same waters as the Algonquian tribe. There is an unending amount of examples of where the Natives provided care, supplies and life for

Africa Essay

Africa Essay When students study civilizations, economics, healthcare or any other topic – most of the examples they get is the African countries. Unfortunately African countries have the lowest life level and are forced to survive in this environment. Hence, there are situations when a student is asked to write an Africa essay, Africa term paper, Africa research paper and Africa dissertation. In order to succeed in this rather easy assignment – a student has to conduct a research on the African environment according to his topic. For example, if he needs to write a research paper on African healthcare – he needs to possess some information on the conditions they live in, and what actions are made to increase the level of life in Africa. African society is struggling to survive, and we need to acknowledge that. So when writing an Africa essay, or Africa term paper – we have to mention that we realize their horrible environment, and are willing to help them overcome their difficulties. The assistance and help actions which are conducted right now are also worth mentioning. A good hypothesis for the Africa research paper, Africa dissertation etc should be stressed on the desire to help Africa, increase their level of life and provide economic, healthcare assistance and aid. Also you can implement elements of an cause and effect essay, and analyze the actions that are made to improve the African society, and what impact does it have on countries outside of Africa. Feel free to express your own, personal opinion on Africa, and how others should provide help in Africa. May be you have your own way to assist them besides sending money, food and clothes. Feel free to investigate and provide novelty solutions. Your Africa paper is a place where you can implement your creativity and imagination. Your professor will surely value your desire to add something to the things which are done right now, and your desire to make the world a better place. CustomWritings.com can write your Africa essay and Africa research paper for you. If you require assistance in any topic concerning Africa – you can easily ask CustomWritings.com for help. We guarantee that we will have an expert write your paper, and make sure he delivers a top quality Africa paper. Here is a list of the most popular essay topics on Africa: Apartide in South Africa The Prospect of Direct Investment in South Africa HIV and Aids in Africa: A Growing Epidemic Why was Africa colonised in the years 1870-1914? Famine in Africa Racism In South Africa Conflict Prevention in Africa: expectations with regard to the African Union Etiology and control of common scab on potatoes in South Africa Cause and Effect of Imperialism in Africa in the 19th Century Colonialism in 20th Century Africa: To speak of collaborating with and others as resisting the colonial incursion is to blur reality Should the study of African politics be approached differently to the study of politics in the West? The African Bushmeat Crisis African History and Culture Comparison of African Empires in Islam A Slave Market in Africa African Trade Floor Crossing in South Africa Art and Music of sub-Saharan Africa African Presence in Ancient America The Nuba Tribe of Africa Voodoo: From Africa to New Orleans Indeginous African theatre (Barney Simon) The New South African Constitution Prisoners Rights In South Africa Religion in Africa

Asch Study Research Paper

Solomon Asch finally conducted the experiment in 1951 on a group of male participants. Asch created two cards, the first card had a line that the participants had to match up with another line on the second card, this card had three lines that the participants could choose from. Asch first gathered eight confederates, â€Å"actors posing as participants† (Pastorino, 512). All eight of these confederates where told to purposely say the obvious wrong answer. So asch took eight confederates and one participant and asked them which line on the second card was the same length as the line on the first card. The confederates went first so that the participant could hear their answer. After the confederates said their answer the participant was then supposed to give his answer. Seventy-four percent of the time the participant would conform to the confederates answer. Through this experiment Asch found immense information. Those who conformed first obviously showed disbelief, even with all the disbelief they still conformed. Almost three quarters of the people put under the group pressure conformed to the obvious false answer. In psychology this is the Asch Effect. The Asch Effect is â€Å"the influence of a group majority on the judgements of an individual† (Zimbardo, 571). Although the majority of the participants conformed to obvious wrong answer, there were some that stuck with their own beliefs. These people are called Heroes, â€Å"Heroes are people who are able to resist situational forces that overwhelm their peers and remain true to their personal values† (Zimbardo, 572). These type of people challenge the corrupt society and don’t go with the groups beliefs. As well as Heroes, there are Independents who may fall in disbelief of the others, but still go along with their own answers. Solomon Asch created a study to test the powers of conformity by designing a test consisted of line to find research and information needed when learning about conformity. Conformity is when someone adopts a group’s behavior, attitudes, and opinions just to fit in. There were many people who conformed to Asch’s study. Seventy-four percent of the participants put into the study conformed to the group’s false answers. Although the majority conformed there were other that didn’t conform to the answers of the group, these people were the Heroes and the Individuals. In conclusion the majority of the people put into this study conformed to the group’s answers. Panarchy. Solomon Asch : Opinions and Social Pressure (1955). Panarchy Panarchie Panarchia Panarquia. 2001-2010. Web. 16 Jan. 2011. lt;http://www. panarchy. org/asch/social. pressure. 1955. htmlgt;. Pastorino, Ellen, and Susann Doyle-Portillo. What Is Psychology? Australia: Thomson Wadsworth, 2009. Print. Zimbardo, Philip G. Psychology: AP* Edition with Discovery Psychology. Boston, MA: Allyn amp; Bacon, 2010. Print.

Black History Disputed Elections in American History Essay

Black History Disputed Elections in American History - Essay Example Nonetheless, some stand out as the ultimate mark of controversy and even legal dispute. With emphasis on electoral discrimination against the African Americans, this paper focuses on the disputed and controversial 1960 and 2004 elections. Despite the serious accusations concerning the 1960 elections, unanimity on the event among historians and experts does not exist. Indeed, most experts and historians tend to support both sides of the claim, but a closer analysis of the data and facts tend to disagree with the viewpoint. Despite the failure of the Republican Party to prove fraud in the elections does not necessarily mean that the election was clean. Despite all the efforts, the issue remains unsolved. Interestingly, the legend leaves out that multiple election boards did not consider overturning the election results, nor federal judges and a special prosecutor from Illinois. Furthermore, numerous academic inquiries concerning the Illinois case conclude that the evident fraud was not substantial enough to challenge the election results (Campbell 87). However, some level of fraud occurred in Cook County. Three people were incarcerated on election-related offences and more than 670 indicted and then acquitted by Judge Karns. Most of the allegations presented involved practices undetectable by a mere recount. According to an article on the issue, nobody clearly knew the winner of the election, and despite the claim by Kennedy that he had won the election, his father cautioned on the vote count in Cook County. Apparently, the close win by Kennedy over Nixon has been a long, contentious debate, with accusations of the former receiving assistance from his father’s mob connections, the powerful Chicago Mayor Daley, and Lyndon Johnson’s connections. In essence, there is no clear evidence that Nixon won both Illinois and Texas, which he had to in order to win the Electoral College Vote, but there was massive voter fraud on behalf of Kennedy in

Quantitative Easing - Decreasing Interest Rates Research Paper

Quantitative Easing - Decreasing Interest Rates - Research Paper Example The practice is entirely different from the usual approach of purchasing and selling government bonds to maintain a targeted market interest rate. It must be emphasized that a central bank uses new electronically created money for the purchase of financial assets in order to implement quantitative easing policy. This practice is helpful for increasing excess bank reserves which in turn may lower yields. The ultimate goal of the quantitative easing policy is to cut down long-term interest rates so as to stimulate economic activities. For this purpose, monetary authorities purchase financial assets of longer maturity and thereby reduce long-term interest rates on the yield curve. In addition, the tool of quantitative easing is very helpful to ensure that inflation rate does not fall below the targeted level. This paper will analyze the pros and cons of quantitative easing and will discuss whether the Fed has a choice of using this tool in a highly recessionary economy. Benefits of Quan titative Easing As Elliott (2009) purports, the unconventional quantitative easing monetary policy may assists banks to keep excess reserves with them and hence to lend largely to businesses and individual borrowers. In turn, businesses will use these additional funds to finance productive activities including infrastructure development and R&D. Similarly, individual borrowers will use this new fund for their day to day activities or investment purposes. This will ensure effective circulation of money throughout the economy. Hence, these increased economic activities will certainly assist the economy to come out of stagnation and stimulate economic growth. Since this monetary tool is helpful to keep the inflation at a moderate level, it assists regulators to prevent the economy from falling into deflationary conditions. According to Kollewe (as cited in the guardian, 2009), US, UK, and Japan are very much interested in quantitative easing policies as a way to stabilize economic grow th. The writer points out that the US was the first country which used quantitative easing as a response to its recessionary conditions. According to International Monetary Fund, the major developed countries that deployed the quantitative easing policy since the beginning of the 21st century were less affected by the 2008 global financial crisis as compared to other industrially developed economies. During the 2008 global financial crisis, it has been identified that the quantitative easing boosted the financial markets by adding liquidity. A weaker currency that amplified export demand is also identified to be one of the major desirable side effects of quantitative easing policy. To a certain extent, the quantitative easing technique has assisted economies to diminish unemployment rate. While analyzing the US economy, it is obvious that this unconventional monetary tool has played a crucial role in the economy in overcoming the dreadful impacts of the 2008 global financial crisis. As per the report of Hermansson (2010), economists hold the view that US’ entire budget deficit would be funded for a fiscal year, if the quantitative easing has been set as high as $1 trillion. In order to take advantages of the quantitative easing policy, the Fed used the returns of previous bond purchases to acquire new long-term financial assets in 2010.  

Words and actions Essay Example for Free

Words and actions Essay Hal and Hotspur have what is probably the strongest rivalry in this play. The word attractive can have many meanings but I will interpret it as being the person who comes across as being the one who really appeals to the audience through their strong and weak points. In real life Hal and Hotspur were not even of the same generation, let alone the same age. Shakespeare has changed the age of Hotspur to make him the same age as Hal. This allows him to compare the two characters and to build up a strong rivalry between them. Shakespeare also uses Hotspur to make Hals character appear more attractive and to show that he is actually very suited to the throne. Prince Hal is a character who, at the start of the play, appears to be riotous and disobedient. However, Hal does possess many appealing qualities and as the play goes on, we start to see that the time Hal spends in the tavern is part of his learning experience and he is learning to be able to function at any level to help him become an effective and successful king. We learn this from Hals soliloquy when he says, He may be more wondered at, by breaking through the foul and ugly mists (by which he means the world of the tavern and in particular, Falstaff). By this Hal means that when he decides to throw off Falstaff and Poins and become a righteous Prince, it will be a shock to people and he will look like a much better person. Another strong quality that Hals soliloquy shows us he has is that he has a plan to his life and he knows what he is going to do and when he is going to do it. This is shown by Hals statement of how he is going to be Redeeming time when men think least I will and also by the level of planning that has gone into his soliloquy. It is obvious that he hasnt just thought it up on the spot but that he has thought it all through previously. Hal appears in both the tavern and the court but it is when he is in the world of the tavern that he really emerges as a humorous character and he uses his intelligence to mock Falstaff through puns like, come, roundly, roundly amongst others. This humor makes Hal an attractive character because audiences like comics and humor and will always like a humorous character even if one of his jokes seems to be cruel and pointless (shown when Hal mocks Francis who has done him no wrong). Prince Hal also has unattractive qualities which make him less of an attractive character. In one instance he uses his royalty and status to ridicule a simple person in what appears to be a pointless and un-humorous joke. He carries the joke out on a bartender, Francis, who doesnt have any way of mocking him back, which puts Hals sense of humor in question. This is shown when Poins says, What cunning match have you made with this jest of the drawer? Another of Hals weaknesses is the fact that he actually leads such a criminal lifestyle. He steals from people and even the fact that he is planning to reform cannot hide this fact. He give his family a bad name through being involved in the criminal underworld and neglecting his princely duties. When he says Where shall we take a purse tomorrow, Jack? he shows that he isnt just being led into crime by Falstaff but he is actually wanting to be involved. Some qualities which Hal has are seen as unattractive but are actually necessary for him to become a successful king. One example of this is Hals hard headedness when it comes to politics. Hal appears to be using Falstaff for his own gain and even though he seems to enjoy having a laugh with him, when it comes to throwing him off he doesnt show any remorse. It is possible that Hal didnt like Falstaff in the first place but this seems to be unlikely due to the amount of time he spends joking with him. The way in which Hal discards Falstaff doesnt reflect well on his personality but it is necessary if he is to become successful in his kingship. Hotspur also has attractive and unattractive qualities. The first we hear of him in the play is when he is being praised by the king. The king even goes so far as to say That some night-tripping fairy had exchanged in cradle clothes our children meaning that he wishes that he could prove that a fairy had exchanged his son with Hotspur when they were babies. This makes us think that if the king wishes Hotspur was his son then he must be a much better person than Hal and thus be the obvious choice for the most attractive character. The king says that Hotspur is The theme of honours tongue which is obviously a very high title to be given and Hotspur probably does deserve this mention for his skill as a warrior. Hotspur is a very brave character whose main aim in life is to gain honour for himself and Without corrival or without having to share it with others. A suitable example of Hotspurs search for honour is when he says O the blood more stirs, to rouse a lion than to start a hare! meaning that you will look a lot braver if you attack a lion than you will if you attack a hare. When Hotspur mentions the lion here he could be referring to the king as at another point in the play Falstaff compares the king to being a lion. Although wanting to gain honour is a clever and acceptable thing the lengths that Hotspur is willing to go to to gain honour is too extreme. When he finds out that his fathers army wont be present at the battle his reaction is very rash. He says that with the scales tipped against them winning the battle would be a larger dare to our great enterprise meaning that their smaller army will gain more honour if they defeat the kings army. It is with this attitude that Hotspur goes into battle and eventually gets defeated and killed. Hotspur gets his nickname from his hot headedness and from not being able to control his temper which is obviously an unattractive quality. We see this quite early on in the play when Hotspur loses his temper in front of the king and shouts Revolted Mortimer! when the king is accusing Mortimer of joining forces with Glendower and he refuses to pay the ransom for Mortimer. This hot headedness makes Hotspur look less attractive as he cannot properly control his temper but at the same time standing up to the king could be seen as an attractive point. As well as being hot headed, Hotspur is also forgetful. When the rebels hold an important meeting Hotspur is given the job of bringing the map be he manages to forget this simple task as the line A plague upon it! I have forgot the map! shows. As Hotspur is supposed to have a claim to being future king even a small problem like this could prove fatal should he become king and forget something important. When these two very important characters are being compared together we can get a clearer idea as to who stands out as being the most attractive character. Hotspurs greatest attribute is his skill in battle and he often shows off how good a warrior he is but when they actually meet in battle Hal comes out on top and he kills Hotspur. At the start of the play Henry IV says that he wishes Hotspur was prince instead of Hal but as the play does on we start to see Hotspurs less attractive qualities come to light as we see Hals attractive qualities. Then, by the end of the play we discover that actually Hal will be a better prince than Hotspur could be. Although, at the start of the play it is Hotspur who comes across as being the most attractive character, a combination of strong and weak qualities which both Hal and Hotspur possess make us change our minds as the play goes on and at the end of the play it is Hal who stands out as being the most attractive character.

Early Computer Education for Students :: Computer technology student teacher

Introduction With the increasing need for technology proficient students, educational computing needs to start at an early age. Computing should be involved in each level of education from K-12 to higher education. This essay will cover the issues, challenges, and conclusions of computing education methods in different educational levels, internet in education, using â€Å"edutainment† within curriculum, and teaching information literacy. Background Literature Learning can be described as a process of interaction of student-to-professor, student-to-student, student-to-material, and student-to-expert/practitioner. Traditionally, a students learning is limited to class lectures, face-to-face discussions, office visits, quizzes, and tests (Wang, 2007, p280). Wang states that student learning quality can be improved by increasing these basic interactions. According to Wang, the Internet can improve the quality of these interactions when integrated into the classroom setting. The Internet improves the interaction of student-to-professor, student-to-student, student-to-material, and student-to-expert/practitioner (Wang, 2007, p 281). According to Wang, traditional classroom learning has extreme limitations. Most information is dispensed in lecture, especially in a college setting, and assessed with a test. Students have very little time to reflect and to express their thoughts and feelings about what is taking place. They have very little time to communicate to the professor what they are learning or having difficulty learning after each class session. Often students misconceive what they read and what they hear in a lecture setting. These misconceptions are carried through into an examination and are seldom resolved (Wang, 2007, p 281). Mary Green and Mary Nell McNeese believe that video games are an untapped resource in education. They refer to games that could be educational as â€Å"edutainment.† The main purpose of edutainment is to promote student learning through exploration, interactivity, trial and error, and repetition in such a way that students get so lost in the fun, that they don’t realize they are learning at the same time. By playing digital games, students exercise various skills such as strategizing, and problem solving to conquer the enemy, save the princess, or find the hidden treasure (Green, 2007, p 6).

A Stylistic analysis of ‘Under Milk Wood’ by Dylan Thomas

A Stylistic analysis ofUnder Milk Woodby Dylan Thomas. by Dylan Thomas. The object of this paper is to stylistically analyzeUnder Milk Wood( 1954 ) by Dylan Thomas. I aim to determine what Thomas’s influences upon his work were and how he uses literary techniques to make a piece of literary art which is so appealing to the senses. I will besides associate these repeated stylizations to Thomas’s historical and cultural background in order to derive a full image of his life at the clip of composing. Dylan Marlais Thomas was born on the 27Thursdayof October, 1914 in Swansea, Wales. Thomas is responsible for a immense organic structure of work during his short life ; nevertheless, his most celebrated piece of authorship isUnder Milk Woodwhich was published in 1954.Under Milk Woodis non merely Dylan Thomas ‘ most celebrated piece of work, but it was besides his last. During his childhood, Thomas spent the bulk of his life in his place town, nevertheless, each summer he was sent off to his aunt’s house in Carmarthenshire farms. This allowed Thomas to see the contrasting side to that of his busy town life and proved to hold a immense impact on the manner in which he wrote. Thomas attended Swansea Grammar School from 1925 and whilst at that place, he began to maintain diaries of poesy which he had written, and his first verse form was published in the school magazine. By the clip Thomas left school at the age of 16, he had already written over 200 verse forms. ( Poemhunter: 2014 ) As a kid, Thomas frequently had reoccurring eruptions of bronchitis and suffered from terrible asthma ( Bio: 2013 ) , as a consequence, he was seen as excessively weak to contend in World War II and was alternatively used to compose authorities books. However, Thomas found it hard to populate off the little rewards and sought employment with a company named Strand Films. Strand Films created short productions for the Ministry of Information and Thomas wrote five of these in 1942. During this clip, Thomas was roll uping a aggregation of verse forms, one of which was subsequently published in 1946 asDeath and Entrances. This aggregation of verse form was inspired by World War II and trades with the effects which arise from war and was dubbed as the devising of his calling. Critic Walter J. Turner said that ‘this book entirely, in my sentiment, ranks him as a major poet’ ( 1946: 176 ) . In 1941, Swansea was bombed by the German Luftwaffe, and Thomas saw the devastation of t he streets which he held beloved to his bosom and this inspired him to compose about this experience in a wireless drama which he called,Return Journey Home( 1958 ) . The Second World War appears to hold been a big influence uponUnder Milk Woodand the creative activity of Llareggub was Thomas’s manner of making ‘a picturesque sense of the past’ ( 1995: 19 ) where clip had been at a standstill as ‘the custodies of the clock have stayed still at half past 11 for 50 years’ ( 1995: 28 ) . This gives the audience the vision of a town where clip does non count and war has non been a calamity which the citizens have been forced to meet. In 1950, Thomas was invited to New York by John Malcolm Brinnin in order to tour the humanistic disciplines Centres in America, over a three month period. Two old ages subsequently in 1952, Thomas embarked upon the humanistic disciplines tour one time once more, this clip with his married woman, Caitlin Macnamara. Whilst in America, Macnamara discovered that Thomas had been unfaithful on his old trip to the States and the brace began to imbibe to a great extent and reason unrelentingly ( Poemhunter: 2014 ) . The heavy imbibing caused Thomas’ wellness to deteriorate and he shortly found himself enduring from urarthritis and external respiration troubles. On the 3rdof May, 1953, whilst in America, Thomas preformed an unfinishedUnder Milk Wood( 1954 ) at Harvard University on his ain. He so performed once more, this clip with a full dramatis personae of histrions, at The Poetry Centre in New York on the 14Thursdayof May 1953.Upon his return to Wales, Thomas completed the drama an d it was performed to the full for the first clip at The Lyric Theatre in Carmarthen, Wales on the 8Thursdayof October 1953. On the 19Thursdayof October, 1953, Thomas flew back to America in order to execute the finished drama, nevertheless, unluckily, on the 5Thursdayof November, 1953 ; Thomas was admitted to St. Vincent’s infirmary after a tally of bad wellness, with ‘acute alcoholic encephalopathy’ ( Poemhunter: 2014 ) and slipped into a coma before go throughing off on the 9Thursdayof November 1953. The calamity of his passing besides meant that the BBC was now unable to get down with the cinematography ofUnder Milk Woodwith Thomas as the voice ( 1954 ) . ‘A Play for Voices’ is the caption ofUnder Milk Woodand this helps to determine the genre of it highly good. Although the drama was specifically written to be a wireless production, it is non a typical drama. The most important divergence from the normalcy of a drama is that it is unusual for a drama to hold a storyteller. In a phase drama, the ideas, feelings and scenes are conveyed straight to the audience via the characters utilizing duologues and monologues. It is obvious that the drama is a dramatic production and contains all of the properties which we would anticipate to happen within a dramatic text. A play is a text which is written to be performed on phase, telecasting or wireless and will include: staging waies, character lists, waies for costumes, and is written to be performed in the signifier of a duologue book.Under Milk Wooddoes incorporate all of these characteristics, but besides contains facets of poesy and narrative which are unusual characteristics o f serious play. Under Milk Woodis set in a fancied town in Wales which is called Llareggub. Although the town name really sounds Welsh, it is in fact the backwards spelling of the term sodomite all. The drama illustrates the life of Llareggub ‘s occupants over the infinite of a dark from ‘spring, moonless night’ ( 1995: 3 ) to ‘the thin dark darkness’ ( 1995: 62 ) . The drama contains no existent action but does incorporate different episodes which are connected by the two omniscient storytellers, the ‘first voice’ ( 1995: 3 ) and the ‘second voice’ ( 1995: 4 ) . These two voices displacement from character to character but they do non truly belong to the citizens of Llareggub. The voices merely present the characters to the hearer so in consequence ; they are mediators for the audience and the dramatic subdivisions of the drama. The drama contains many different poetic effects, which are largely spoken by the ‘First Voice’ ( 1995: 3 ) and ‘Second Voice’ ( 1995: 4 ) . The two voices use similes repeatedly in order to compare one thing to another. An illustration of a simile within the drama is when Mrs Cherry Owen defines Mr Cherry Owen as being ‘as rummy as a deacon’ ( 1995: 26 ) . The consequence of this simile is that it highlights the inebriation of Mr Cherry Owen and draws the audience in because the audience would be shocked at the innuendo of a deacon being rummy.Under Milk Woodbesides contains many metaphorical statements. For illustration ; ‘the small pink eyed cottage’ ( 1995: 8 ) . This metaphor gives the bungalow life qualities and personifies it leting the audience to care and link to the object despite it being inanimate. Alliteration is besides often used in order to add accent and deepness to Thomas’s descriptions of the small town and its milieus. For illustration ; the first voice speaks about Bessie Bighead being asleep, and the voice says ‘sleep until the dark sucks out her psyche and spits it into the sky’ ( 1995: 55 ) . Here, Thomas is utilizing alliterative and onomatopoetic sounds for the old lady in order to pull attending to the line. A farther poetic technique which Thomas uses is strong images which are built up utilizing different semantic Fieldss in order to make images in the head of the audience. An illustration of this is when the first voice says: ‘Now, in her ice-berg white, holily laundered, crinoline night-gown, under virtuous polar sheets, in her spruced and scoured dust-defying sleeping room in trig and spare Bay view’ ( 1995: 12 ) . The consequence of this image is to demo us how clean Mrs Ogmore Prichard’s house is with the usage of statements such as ‘ice-berg white’ and ‘dust-defying bedroom’ . Although Thomas could hold merely said that the house was really clean, he chose to give the audience an image in their heads to assistance with clearly visualizing the scene. A farther illustration is ‘the sloeblack, decelerate, black, crowblack, fishingboat-bobbing sea’ ( 1995: 3 ) . The usage of such complex images and poetic linguistic communica tion which is used by the first and 2nd storytellers gives effectual contrast to that of the ordinary, mundane linguistic communication of the citizens of Llareggub. The inclusion of poetic techniques in a piece that is meant to be dramatic creates centripetal feelings for the audience to go immersed in. They besides give Llareggub a dreamlike and charming feeling which leaves the reader with a feeling of admiration and child-like phantasy. Thomas does non merely convey ocular images through descriptive linguistic communication, but he allows the audience to see the town by listening to the sounds which the storytellers are invariably directing us towards. The first and 2nd voices often invite the audience to ‘listen’ as ‘only you can hear’ ( 1995: 4 ) . There are no sound effects in the drama ; hence, sounds must be created by the descriptions which Thomas gives to us. For illustration: ‘the sea interruption and the chitchat of birds’ ( 1995: 20 ) , ‘shrill misss giggle ( 1995: 45 ) and ‘the clippety-clop of Equus caballuss†¦ ..pigs are grunting, chop goes the meatman, milk-churns bell, boulder claies ring, sheep cough, Canis familiariss shout, saws sing’ ( 1995: 34 ) . Again the consequence of this is to let the audience to visualize the town utilizing sound as an concomitant to the ocular images which he invariably feeds. Thomas uses the Welsh poetic cons truct of ‘cynghanedd’ ( 2009 ) throughoutUnder Milk Woodwhich is the internal sound agreement utilizing beat, riming, vowel rhyme and speech pattern. The usage of this device creates velocity and energy which drives the twenty-four hours into dark once more. A good illustration of this is ‘There’s the, cartridge holder clunking or Equus caballuss on the sunhoneyed setts of the humming streets, hammering of horse-shoes, gobble quack and cackle, tomtit chirrup from the bird-ounced boughs’ ( 1995: 34 ) . ‘The voice of a Guide-book’ ( 1995: 19 ) storyteller is intended to give comparing to the first and 2nd voice storytellers. The usher is impersonal and distant in comparing to the two voices ; it does non look to cognize the town really good and does non talk to the audience in the same mode as the first two voices do. It abuses the town and the occupants whilst looking down upon their manner of life and doing the town seem drilling and uneventful. For illustration: the guide-book voice describes the little houses as ‘prinking themselves out in petroleum colorss and the broad usage of pink wash’ ( 1995: 19 ) and describes the town as ‘this little disintegrating watering-place’ ( 1994: 19 ) . The Guide-book is highly negative with respects to Llareggub, and uses cliches such as ‘cobbled streets and its small fishing habour’ ( 1995: 19 ) to do the topographic point appear worn out and antique. Thomas’s usage of neologies are outstanding throughout the drama and are largely in the signifier of compound nouns and participle adjectives such as ‘fishingboat-bobbing sea’ ( 1995: 3 ) and ‘jellyfish-slippery’ ( 1995: 4 ) . The usage of these is to enable Thomas to maintain the beat in flow with the remainder of the text and give ‘interesting ideological effects’ ( 2010: 18 ) which paradox human linguistic communication. Page 9 through to page 12 sees Thomas use an ancient Hellenic technique called stichomythia ( 1975: 143-176 ) . This is a technique which was besides famously used by Shakespeare throughout his work ( 2009 ) and comprises of two or more characters prosecuting in quick-fire address. This is besides repeated on page 28 and pages 35-36. This speedy exchange of address gives the audience a sense of velocity and picks up the gait until the conversation is over. There is a noticeable sum of innuendo nowadays inUnder Milk Woodalong with dual entendre and boylike temper. For illustration: on page 60, Mr Waldo says ; ‘nobody’s swept my chimbley/Since my hubby went his ways/Come and brush my chimbley/Bring along your chimbley brush’ ( 1995: 60 ) and ‘Lie down, lie easy. Let me shipwreck in your thighs’ ( 1995: 52 ) . Despite the boylike insinuation, there are illustrations of descriptive and mildly titillating lines. An illustration of this is ‘The Sun hums down through the cotton flowers of her frock into the bell of her bosom and bombilation in the honey at that place and sofas and busss, lazy-loving and boozed, in her red-berried breast’ ( 1995: 46 ) . The consequence this has upon the text is one of temper and visible radiation –hearted screening of the characters making a threading bond between the audience and the citizens of Llareggub. The inclusion and intermingling of all these techniques has allowed Thomas to make an improbably sensuous piece of literary art which flows swimmingly with the carefully crafted rhythmic linguistic communication and crisp pacing. Richard Burton considers Under Milk Wood to be ‘a amusing masterpiece’ ( Rees: 2014 ) , one that will populate everlastingly in the immortal voices of his far-out characters. Word Count: 2230 ( excepting bibliography ) Bibliography.Biography of Dylan Thomas.( 2014 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.poemhunter.com/dylan-thomas/biography/ Accessed ( 01/04/2014 )Drabble, M. ( 2009 )The Oxford Companion to English Literature.Oxford: Oxford University Press.Jeffries, L. ( 2010 ) . Critical Stylistics: The Power of English. Basingstoke: Macmillan.Jeffries, L. & A ; McIntyre, D. ( 2011 ) Teaching Stylistics. London: MacmillanO’Toole ( 1975 )Analytic and Man-made Approaches to Narrative Structurein Style and Structure in Literature. United kingdom: Blackwell.Thomas, D. ( 1954 )Under Milk Wood. ( The Definitive edition – 1995. ) London: Everyman.Thomas, D. ( 1958 )Return Journey Home. Hammersmith: Lyric Theatre.Thomas, D. ( 1946 )Death and Entrances.United kingdom: Jackdaw Books.Turner, W. J. ( 1946 ) . The Spectator. Pg. 176. The Spectator.West, J. ( 2009 ) .Welsh Poetry – Part I: Cynghaneddhypertext transfer protocol: //allpoetry.com/column/7546199-Welsh-Poetry — -Part-I-Cyng hanedd — by-Welshbard ( accessed 30/03/2014 )Rees, J. ( 2014 )Why Under Milk Wood is the greatest wireless drama of all time.The Telegraph.

Curriculum Guide Essay

The learner demonstrates communicative competence (and multiliteracies) through his/ her understanding of literature and other texts types for a deeper appreciation of Philippine Culture and | |those of other countries. | |GRADE LEVEL STANDARD: The learner demonstrates communicative competence (and multiliteracies) through his/ her understanding of Afro-Asian Literature and other texts types for a deeper appreciation of Afro-Asian | |Culture and those of other countries. | |DOMAINS OF LITERACY |CONTENT STANDARD |PERFORMANCE STANDARD |LEARNING COMPETENCIES | |Listening Comprehension |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner accurately produces a |Recognize prosodic features: stress, intonation and pauses serving as carriers of meaning that | | |prosodic features and non-verbal cues that |schematic diagram to note and give |may aid or interfere in the delivery of the message in stories and informative texts | | |serve as carriers o f meaning when listening to|an account of the important details |Note prosodic features (stress, intonation, pauses) and rate of speech as carriers of meaning | | |informative texts and longer narratives to |in long narratives or descriptions | | | |note significant details. |listened to. |Recognize changes in meaning signaled by stress, intonation and pauses | | | | | | | | | |Listen to points the speaker emphasizes as signaled by contrastive sentence stress determine how | | | | |stress, intonation, phrasing, pacing, tone and non-verbal cues serve as carriers of meaning that| | | | |may aid or interfere in the message of the text listened to | | | | | | | | | | | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding on how | The learner creates an audio – video|Employ appropriate listening skills when listening to descriptive and long narrative texts | | |employing projective listening strategies to |presentation highlighting the core |(e. g. making predictions, noting the dramatic effect of sudden twists, etc.) | | |descriptive and longer narrative audio texts, |message of a text listened to. | | | |helps him/her to validate information, | |Employ projective listening strategies with longer stories | | |opinion, or assumption to participate well in | | | | |specific communicative context . | |Listen to determine conflicting information aired over the radio and television | | | | | | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of | |Listen for clues to determine pictorial representations of what is talked about in a listening | | |adjusting listening strategies (marginal, | |text | | |selective, attentive, critical) in relation to| | | | |the main purpose of listening, one’s | | | | |familiarity with the topic and difficulty of | | | | |the text describing a process and narrating | | | | |longer stories to suit the listening text and | | | | |task. | | | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding in |The learner proficiently writes an |Determine the persons being addressed in an informative talk, the objective/s of the speaker and| | |validating information, opinions, or |editorial article concerning an |his/her attitude on the issues | | |assumptions made by a speaker to arrive at |issue raised by the speaker in a |Use attentive listening strategies with informative texts | | |sound decisions on critical issues. |text liste ned to. | | | | | |Note clues and links to show the speaker’s stand and assumptions | | | | |Listen for clues and links to show the speaker’s train of thoughts | | | | |Determine the stand of the speaker on a given issue | | | | |Listen to get the different sides of social, moral, and economic issues affecting a community | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner creatively renders a |Process speech delivered at different rates by making inferences from what was listened to | | |the orchestration of harmony, unison, rhythm |choric interpretation of a text | | | |and the structure of narratives and other |listened to |Use syntactic and lexical clues to supply items not listened to | | |text types enable him or her to appreciate | | | | |their richness. | |Anticipate what is to follow in a text listened to considering the function/s of the statements | | | | |made | | | | | | | | | | | | || | Express appreciation for texts orally interpreted noting harmony, unison, and rhythm. | | | | | | | | | |Listen to appreciate the tune and the narrative structure of ballads | | | | | | | | | |Listen to appreciate harmony, unison, and rhythm in choric interpretations. | |Oral Language and Fluency |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner actively participates in|Use appropriate registers to suit the intended audience, and variation in intonation and stress | | |to speak in clear, correct English appropriate|a conversational dialogue about |for emphasis and contrast | | |for a certain situation, purpose and audience.|school/environmental issues or any |Express feelings and attitudes by utilizing contrastive stress and variations of tone and tempo | | | |current social concerns. | | | | | |Use stress, intonation, and juncture to signal changes in meaning | | | | | | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner joins actively in a |Ask for and give information, and express needs, opinions, feelings, and attitudes explicitly | | |various means on how figurative and academic |panel discussion on a current issue |and implicitly in an informative talk | | |language can be used in various communication |or concern. |Formulate responses to questions noting the types of questions raised (yes-no, wh-questions, | | |settings. | |alternative, modals, embedded) | | | | | | | | | |Make inquiries | | | | | | | | | |Give information obtained from mass media: newspapers, radio, television | | | | | | | | | |Highlight important points in an informative talk using multi-media resources | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of |The learner proficiently conducts a |Use appropriate turn-taking strategies (topic nomination, topic development, topic shift, | | |using turn-taking strategies in ext ended |formal, structured interview of a |turn-getting, etc.) in extended conversations | | |conversations to effectively convey |specific subject. |Interview persons to get opinions about certain issues | | |information. | |Respond orally to ideas and needs expressed in face-to-face interviews in accordance with the | | | | |intended meaning of the speaker | | | | |Use communication strategies (e.g. paraphrase, translations, and circumlocution) to repair | | | | |breakdown in communication | | | | | | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | | | |Arrive at a consensus on community issues by assessing statements made | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of |The learner competently delivers an | | | |speech functions and forms as indicators of |informative speech using multi-media|React to information obtained from talks | | |meaning. |resources to highlight important | | | | |points. | Interview persons to get their opinions about social issues affecting the community | | | | | | | | | |Agree/Disagree with statements, observations and responses made when issues affecting the | | | | |community | | | | | | | | | |Infer the function/s of utterances and respond accordingly taking into account the context of the| | | | |situation and the tone used | | | | | | |Vocabulary Enhancement |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner creatively produces an |Develop strategies for coping with unknown words and ambiguous sentence structures and discourse | |(Subsumed in all domains) |strategies for coping with the unknown words |e-portfolio of vocabulary | | | |and ambiguous sentence structures and |illustrating the use of varied |Differentiate between shades of meaning by arranging words in a cline | | |discourse to arrive at meaning. |strategies. | | | | | |Guess the meaning of idiomatic expressions by noting keywords in expressions, context clues, | | | | |collocations, clusters, etc. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Arrive at the meaning of structurally complex and ambiguous sentences by deleting expansions to | | | | |come up with kernel sentences | | | | | | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner creatively prepares a |Develop strategies for coping with unknown words and ambiguous sentence structures and discourse | | |strategies for coping with the unknown words |comparative log of academic and | | | |and ambiguous sentence structures and |figurative language reflected in |Identify the derivation of words | | |discourse to arrive at meaning. |documents with the same themes. | | | | | |Define words from context and through word analysis (prefix, roots, suffixes) | | | | | | | | | |Use collocations of difficult words as aids in unlocking vocabulary | | | | | | | | | |Arrive at the meaning of structurally complex and ambiguous sentences by separating kernel | | | | |sentences from modification structures and expansions | | | | | | | | | | | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner creatively produces a |Develop strategies for coping with unknown words and ambiguous sentence structures and discourse | | |strategies for coping with the unknown words |frequency word list. |Identify the derivation of words | | |and ambiguous sentence structures and | | | | |discourse to arrive at meaning. | |Define words from context and through word analysis (prefix, roots, suffixes | | | | | | | | | |Use collocations of difficult words as aids in unlocking vocabulary | | | | | | | | | |Arrive at the meaning of structurally complex and ambiguous sentences by separating kernel | | | | |sentences from modification structures and expansions. | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | | The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner proficiently produces a |Develop strategies for coping with unknown words and ambiguous sentence structures and discourse | | |strategies for coping with the unknown words |glossary of words related to | | | |and ambiguous sentence structures and |specific disciplines. |Identify the derivation of words | | |discourse to arrive at meaning. | | | | | | |Define words from context and through word analysis (prefix, roots, suffixes) | | | | | | | | | |Use collocations of difficult words as aids in unlocking vocabulary | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Arrive at the meaning of structurally complex and ambiguous sentences by separating kernel | | | | |sentences from modification structures and expansions | |Reading and |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | |Comprehension |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner produces a Reading Log |Adjust reading speed based on one’s purpose for reading and the type of materials read | | |different reading styles to suit the text and |showing various entries like the |Use different reading styles to suit the text and one’s purpose for reading | | |one’s purpose for reading. |choice of reading materials, the |Scan rapidly for sequence signals or connectors as basis for determining the rhetorical | | | |type of reading employed, etc. |organization of texts | | | | |Skim to determine the author’s key ideas and purpose by answering questions raised after | | | | |surveying the text | | | | |Read closely to select appropriate details from a selectio n for specific purposes | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of |The learner proficiently uses |Evaluate content, elements, features, and properties of a reading or viewing selection using a | | |textual relationships using non-linear forms |advanced organizers/ illustrations |set of criteria developed in consultation (with peers and the teacher) | | |and graphics to obtain information from linear|showing textual relationships. | | | |and non-linear texts. | |Explain visual-verbal relationships illustrated in tables, graphs, information maps commonly used| | | | |in content area texts | | | | | | | | | |Transcode information from linear to non-linear texts and vice-versa | | | | | | | | | |Explain illustrations from linear to non-linear texts and vice versa | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Organize information illustrated in tables, graphs and maps | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of |The learner creatively produces a |Utilize varied reading strategies to process information in a text | | |varied reading approaches to make sense and |digital chart of various text types |Recognize the propaganda strategies used in advertisements and consider these in formulating | | |develop appreciation for the different text |with clickable features. |hypotheses | | |types. | |Distinguish between facts from opinions | | | | |Use expressions that signal opinions (e.g. seems, as I see it) | | | | |Note the function of statements made as the text unfolds and use it as a basis for predicting | | | | |what is to follow | | | | |Express emotional reactions to what was asserted or expressed in a text | | | | |Employ approaches best suited to a text | | | | | | | | | |Note the functions of statements as they unfold and consider the data that might | | | | |confirm/disconfirm hypothesis | | | | | | || | |Examine for bias | | | | | | | | | | Determine the validity and adequacy of proof statements to support assertions | | | | | | | | | |React critically to the devices employed by a writer to achieve his/her purpose | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner prepares an abstract of |Utilize knowledge of the differences among text types (instructional, explanatory, recount, | | |to abstract information presented in |a text read. |persuasive, informational and literary) as an aid in processing information in the selection read| | |different text types and to note explicit and | |or viewed | | |implicit signals used by the writer. | | | | | | |Assess the content and function of each statement in a text with a view of determining the | | | | |information structure of the text | | | | |Abstract information from the different text types by noting explicit and implicit signals used | | | | |by the writer | | | | |Interpret instructions, directions, notices, rules and regulations | | | | | | | | | |Locate and synthesize essential information found in any text | | | | | | | | | |Distinguish the statement of facts from beliefs. | | | | |Evaluate the accuracy of the information. | | | | |Draw conclusions from the set of details. | | | | |Point out relationships between statements. | | | | |Distinguish between general and specific statements. | |Literature |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Discover literature as a means of understanding the human being and the forces he/she to contend| | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner creatively and |with | | |different genres through the types contributed|proficiently performs in a choral |Discover through literature the symbiotic relationship between man and his environment and the | | |by Afro-Asian countries to express |reading of a chosen Afro-Asian poem.|need of the former to protect the latter | | |appreciation for Afro-Asian heritage. | | | | | | |Demonstrate a heightened sensitivity to the needs of others for a better understanding of man | | | | | | | | | |Discover through literature the links between one’s life and the lives of people throughout the | | | | |world | | | | | | | | | |Highlight the need for a more just and equitable distribution of resources | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner creatively compiles |Show understanding and appreciation for the different genres with emphasis on types contributed | | |significant human experiences are best |Afro-Asian literary pieces as |by Asian countries (i.e. Haiku, Tanka, etc.) | | |captured in various literary forms that |accounts of experiential learning. | | | |inspire humans to bring out the best in them. | |Point out the elements of plays and playlets | | | | | | | | | |Determine the macro discourse patterns of essays and the macro discourse signals used to | | | | |establish meaning relationships in the essay | | | | |Determine the author’s tone and purpose for writing the essay | | | | |Point out how the choice of title, space allotment, imagery, choice of words, figurative | | | | |language, etc. contribute to the theme | | | | | | | | | |Explain figurative language used | | | | |Express appreciation for sensory images in literary forms | | | | |Show understanding of the text by paraphrasing passages | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner produces a critical |Discover Philippine and Afro Asian literature as a means of expanding experiences and outlook and| | |different genres to heighten literary |review of articles with the same |enhancing worthwhile universal human values | | |competence. |themes but different genres. |Express appreciation for worthwhile Asian traditions and the values they represent | | | | | | | | | |Assess the Asian identity as presented in Asian literature and oneself in the light of what makes| | | | |one an Asian | | | | | | | | | |Identify oneself with other people through literature taking note of cultural differences so as | | | | |to get to the heart of problems arising from them | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner produces an e-literary |Point out the role of li terature in enabling one to grow in personhood | | |literature mirrors the realities of life and |folio which captures significant |Discriminate between what is worthwhile and what is not through literature | | |depicts human aspirations. |human experiences. |Distinguish as positive values humility, resourcefulness, self-reliance and the ability to look | | | | |into oneself, and accept one’s strengths and weaknessess | |Viewing Comprehension |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Organize information extracted from a program viewed | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner produces program | | | |different text types and genres of programs |portfolio that monitors his/her |Compare and contrast basic genres of programs viewed | | |viewed to effectively derive information and |progress as a viewer (in terms of | | | |find meaning in them |interest, preference, and |Narrate events logically | | | |reflections on individual viewing | | | | |behaviors). |Validate mental ima ges of the information conveyed by a program viewed | | | | | | | | | |Respond to questions raised in a program viewed | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner effectively writes |Discern positive and negative messages conveyed by a program viewed | | |different text types and genres of programs |reactions to movies viewed. (movie | | | |viewed to effectively derive information and |review) |React appropriately and provide suggestions based on an established fact | | |find meaning in them. | | | | | |The learner presents a review of a |Decode the meaning of unfamiliar words using structural analysis | | | |program viewed. | | | | | |Follow task- based directions shown after viewing | | | | | | | | | |Interpret the big ideas/key concepts implied by the facial expressions of interlocutors | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner produces a reaction |Analyze the elements that make up reality and fantasy from a program viewed | | |various analytical and evaluative techniques |paper to a program viewed. | | | |employed in c ritical viewing. | |Compare and contrast one’s own television-viewing behavior with other viewers’ viewing behavior | | | | | | | | | |Organize an independent and systematic approach in critiquing various reading or viewing | | | | |selection | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner puts up a model |Recognize the principles of lay outing in viewing a material | | |viewing conventions affect the way viewers |television production incorporating | | | |grasp, interpret, and evaluate the meaning of |viewing conventions. |Explore how colors appeal to viewer’s emotions | | |a program viewed. | | | | | | |Identify basic camera angles | | | | | | | | | |Ascertain how balance created by symmetry affects visual response to a program viewed | | | | | | | | | |Differentiate between vantage points and viewing | | | | | | |Writing |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of |The learner proficiently prepares a |Accomplish forms and prepare notices | | |giving valuable personal information and |brochure on the dangers of | | | |information on social events and issues by |smoking/drugs and other social |Write the information asked for in the following forms: | | |accomplishing different forms to effectively |issues and concerns. |School forms | | |function in school and in community. . | |Bank forms | | | | The learner writes a personal |Order slips | | | |narratives. |Evaluation forms | | | | |Survey forms | | | |The learner creates a blog on the |Bills, telecom, etc. | | | |internet commenting on | | | | |social/economic issues and concerns.|Write notices (e.g. posters, slogans, advertisements that relate to social events | | | | | | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner conducts an opinion |Use non-linear texts and outlines to show relationships between ideas | | |power of language structures and forms in |poll, interprets, and presents the | | | |shaping people’s reactions, perceptions, |findings having a local-based or |Transcode ideas from texts to concept maps | | |points of view, and beliefs in local, national|national issue as reference. | | | |and global communities. | |Make a write-up of ideas presented in concept maps | | | | | | | | | |Use three-step words, phrasal and sentence outlines to organize ideas | | | | | | | | | |Transcode information from linear to non-linear texts and vice versa | | | | |Employ concept mapping (circle, bubble, linear, etc.) as aids in taking down notes and organizing| | | | |ideas | | | | | | | | | |Use outlines to sum up ideas taken from texts | | | | | | | | | |Use non-linear text outlines and notes as aids in the preparation of a research paper | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner produces an e-journal of|Use specific cohesive and literary devices to construct integrative literary and expository | | |to have a good command and facility of the |poetry & prose entries with emphasis|reviews, critiques, research reports, and scripts for broadcast communication texts, including | | |English Language necessary to produce writing |on content and writing style. |screenplays | | |in different genres and modes. | | | | | | |Produce different text types and sub-types | | | | | | | | | | Expand ideas in well-constructed paragraphs observing cohesion, coherence and appropriate modes | | | | |of paragraph development | | | | | | | | | |Give and respond to feedback on one’s paper in the revision process | | | | |Use grammatical structure and vocabulary needed to effectively emphasize particular points | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Use appropriate modes of paragraph development to express one’s ideas, needs, feelings and | | | | |attitudes | | | | | | | | | |Use a variety of cohesive devices to make the flow of thoughts from one sentence to another | | | | |smoothly and effortlessly | | | | | | | | | |Write short personal narratives to support an assertion | | | | | | | | | |Organize information gathered from primary and secondary sources using a graphic organizer and a | | | | |simple topic outline | | | | | | | | | |Do self and peer editing using a set of criteria | | | | | | | | | |Revise a piece of short personal writing in terms of content, style, and mechanics | | | | |collaboratively and independently. | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner makes a write-up of an |Organize one’s thoughts and adopt the appropriate writing style in letters, resumes, critiques, | | |to have a good command and facility of the |interview. |etc. using appropriate styles (formal and formal)and audience in mind | | |English Language necessary to produce writing | | | | |in different genres and modes. | |Employ interactional functions of language in different genres and modes of writing (pen-pal | | | | |letters, letters of invitation, a â€Å"yes† and â€Å"no† letters, book reviews, interview write-ups, | | | | |journal entries, etc.) | | | | | | | | | |Write reflections on learning experiences in diary and journal entries | | | | | | | | | |Write summaries of books read | | | | | | | | | |Employ varied strategies (condensing, deleting, combining, embedding) when summarizing materials | | | | |read | | | | | | | | | |Write reactions to books read | | | | | | | | | |Show respect for intellectual property rights by acknowledging citations made | | | | | | | | | |Acknowledge citations by indicating in a bibliography sources used | | | | | | | | | |Use writing conventions to indicate acknowledgement of resources | | | | | | | | | |Use quotation marks or hanging indentations for direct quotes | | | | | | | | | |Use in-text citation | | | | | | | | | |Arrange bibliographic entries of text cited from books and periodicals | | | | | | | | | | | |Grammar |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of |The learner effectively writes a |Uses: | | |well-constructed paragraphs using appropriate |personal narrative or informative |varied adjective complementation | | |modes of development and language structures |text. |appropriate idioms, collocations, and fixed expression | | |to express one’s ideas, needs, feelings and | |coordinators | | |attitudes |The learner proficiently writes a |subordinators | | | |description of a process. |other appropriate devices for emphasis | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how | |Formulates: | | |language is instrumental in communicating | |correct complex and compound-complex sentences | | |thoughts, and feelings. | |correct conditional statements | | | | |appropriate parenthetical expressions | | | | | | | | | |meaningful expanded sentence (following balance, parallelism, and modification) | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner composes a meaningful |Uses: | | |grammatically correct sentences ensure an |and grammatically correct |varied adjective complementation | | |effective discourse. |composition. |appropriate idioms, collocations, and fixed expression | | | | |coordinators | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner writes a progress/ |subordinators | | |the knowledge of grammar enables one to |interim report of a program or | | | |successfully deliver information. |advocacy |other appropriate devices for emphasis | | | | |formulates: | | | | |correct complex and compound-complex sentences | | | | |correct conditional statements | | | | |appropriate parenthetical expression | | | | | | | | | |meaningful expanded sentence (following balance, parallelism, and modification) | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how | |Uses: | | |the use of Standard English conventions |The learner creatively produces a |varied adjective complementation | | |facilitates interaction and transaction. |tourist guide brochure |appropriate idioms, collocations, and fixed expression | | | | |coordinators | | | | |subordinators | | | | | | | | | |other appropriate devices for emphasis | | | | |formulates: | | | | |correct complex and compound-complex sentences | | | | |correct conditional statements | | | | |appropriate parenthetical expressions | | | | | | | | | |meaningful expanded sentence (following balance, parallelism, and modification) | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of the |The learner innovatively presents an|Uses: | | |set of structural rules that govern various |Ad promoting a government bill or a |varied adjective complementation | | |communication situations. |city ordinance. |appropriate idioms, collocations, and fixed expression | | | | |coordinators | | | | |subordinators | | | | | | | | | |other appropriate devices for emphasis | | | | |formulates: | | | | |correct complex and compound-complex sentences | | | | |correct conditional statements | | | | |appropriate parenthetical expressions | | | | | | | | | |meaningful expanded sentence (following balance, parallelism, and modification) | |Attitude towards language, |Quarter 1 | | | |literacy and literature |Ask sensible questions on his/her initiative | | | |(Subsumed in all domains) | | | | | |Quarter 2 | | | | |Express a different opinion without being | | | | |difficult | | | | |Quarter 3 | | | | |Give credence to well-though out ideas | | | | |Quarter 4 | | | | |Set new goals for learning on the basis of | | | | |self- assessment made | | | |Study Strategies |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 |Quarter 1 | |(Subsumed in Reading, |The learner demonstrates understanding of how |The learner creatively writes an |Gather data using library and electronic resources consisting of general references: atlas, | |Literature, and Writing) |to gather data using library and electronic |interesting Cultural Report. |periodical index, periodicals and internet sources/ other websites to locate information | | |resources to locate information that bring | |Use periodical index to locate information in periodicals | | |about diversity and/or harmony among Afro – | |Gather data using the general references: encyclopedia, dictionary | | |Asians through the study of their traditions | |Get and assess current information from newspaper and other print and non-print media | | |and beliefs. | | | | |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 |Quarter 2 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how | The learner produces research |Acknowledge citations by preparing the bibliography of the various sources used | | |proper citations of references and materials |appendices following the correct |Observe correct format in bibliographical entries | | |used establish the credibility of a report or |citation entries and format |Use writing conventions to indicate acknowledgement of sources | | |a research paper. | | | | |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 |Quarter 3 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how|The learner produces a clip report |Derive information from various text types and sources using the card catalog, vertical file, | | |information gathering skills and data |on the various sources of data |index, microfiche (microfilm) CD ROM, internet etc. | | |collection strategies ensure quality research|collected |Use locational skills to gather and synthesize information from general and first-hand sources | | | | |of information | | | | |Get vital information from various websites | | | | |Extract accurately the required information from sources read and viewed to reject irrelevant | | | | |details | | |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 |Quarter 4 | | |The learner demonstrates understanding of how|The learner produces a research |Use multi step word and phrasal outlines to organize ideas | | |the employment of study strategies coupled |paper based on school/ community |Engage in systematic conduct of a research by going through series of pr ocesses | | |with research skills lead to a well-written |problem. |Organize logically information gathered | | |paper | |Apply the correct treatment of data and the soundness of research conclusion.

Attitude Crocodile tourism is one of the most famo Essays

Attitude Crocodile tourism is one of the most famo Essays Attitude Crocodile tourism is one of the most famous adventure tourism in the world that attracts a lot of tourist to visit Australia. The huge amount of tourists brings a lot of benefits to Australia, which includes huge amount of revenue for local government and tourist operators and great reputation in tourist industry under the economic downturn environment. However, the most famous tourism also result in some negative impacts breaking the ecological equilibrium and threatening local people ' s life. Therefore, it is hard for people to judge weather crocodile tourism is positive or not. Some individuals and environmental organizations considered that the crocodile tourism should be prohibited. On the other side, tourism operators will try their best to protect their profit as well. In order to retain the substantial income but reduce the negative impacts, negotiating and cooperation is the essential part that both sides need to attempt and put effort Beginning The most obvious and significant problem is the crocodiles becomes more aggressive and fearless to human, which is threatening people ' s life significantly. Due to the crocodile tourism, crocodiles are more familiar with boats and attracted by boats, further more, more humans were killed by crocodiles than before. According to the news, in 2014, saltwater crocodiles killed four Territorians in the Northern Territory, which is almost one-fifth of the total 21 people killed since 1974(NT News, 2014). The crocodile tourism has pushed not only natives closer to the dangerous but also backpackers. There were 31 victims on the list since 1990, all of them were killed by crocodiles in Australia, and there were many tragedies have not been recorded(C. Garry, 2011). The reasons why crocodiles attack human are multiple, which include territory defense, nest defense, self defense, food and by accident(C. Garry, 2011). To be more specific, crocodile is ec tothermic which means cold blood. They always become active when temperature increase, because they depends on solar energy. However, people are also prefer to travel during the warm period. Thus, season also could be summed as a factor(H. Melissa, 2015). Indeed, there are many factors result in crocodile attack, but , the core reason is the development of crocodile tourism and human ' s improper behaviors, over feeding and habitat lose changed crocodile ' s habits. Meanwhile, with the development of crocodile tourism, there are more chance for human to approach crocodile which means the situation could be worse in the future. Consider again The crocodile attack is not only threatening human ' s life, but also itself. Revenge kills are common in any place. According to the news report, in 2014, a African man killed crocodile after one month when his family was killed by crocodiles (H. Melissa, 2015). Further more, crocodile attack makes crocodile get a really bad reputation, which makes many innocent crocodile have been killed. In Australia, after a boy was missing, the authority in Australia issued a shoot-to-kill order on any crocodile bigger than two meters(H. Melissa, 2015). Thus, the bad reputation have put crocodile into a really dangerous edge. Some of the crocodiles are endangers species such as Philippine and Orinoco crocodile. However, most people do not have the knowledge of the crocodile, they will not consider them as Philippine and Orinoco, the only name of them is crocodile ' , the dangerous killer in the world. Therefore, the crocodile tourism has aggravated contradictions between human and crocodile to some extent. Definition of Stakeholders In order to define the stakeholders, it is better to look through the whole benefit chain in the crocodile tourism. On one hand, as an profitable industry, tourist industry is playing an essential role in Australia economy. According to the rep ort, during the period from 2013 to 2014, tourism has bring $102 billion income to Australia(Annual Report, 2013-14), which is a such big number. In the case, it also mentioned that in the decline trend of tourism industry, crocodile tourism still can remain a successfully number of visitors. So, we can find how much important is crocodile tourism for the tourism operators and the related industries such as hotel and catering industry, even many sole traders rely on the crocodile tourism. On the other hand, tourists also earn

Successful Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Successful Project Management - Essay Example In this scenario there is need to better take care of project activities those are critical for the project success. This report is based on a scenario in which Ashleigh Council has to set up Ashleigh Music Festival Ltd (AMF Ltd) which will work like a social enterprise for initiating the festival. This report discusses some of the major activities and tasks required to be completed for planning and handling the activities. Introduction Ashleigh Music Festival Ltd (AMF Ltd) is a social enterprise that arranges music festivals. This corporation has recently initiated a plan to establish a new event of music festival. This event will provide an excellent entertainment facility to public. However, in order to effectively plan the project one of the initial jobs is to assess the project scope in order that they could better understand the project tasks and activities. This project report is also intended to provide guidelines regarding project planning through assessment of project tasks and activities. This report will assess the project tasks that need to be completed in order to arrange the festival in time. This report will review some of the important aspects along with project management processes and techniques which are adopted throughout project lifecycle. This report will also discusses skills and competencies needed by the project team in order to manage a successful project. This report will also try to highlight the project stakeholders and how they will be engaged with project and project manager. Background Ashleigh Council has initiated bidding for the contract to a project which will engage managing and organizing and setting up a music festival at a number of points in the summer of 2013. This festival will continue for 3 days and will start at an outdoor site (plan enclosed), that will have the capacity of 30,000 people. This festival will generate revenue by selling the tickets. In addition, project bidders will be paid by 20% of the revenue generated by ticket sales. This project holds the facility of availing the interest-free loan of up to ?300,000 from bank for equipment rent (the council will cover staff, licensing, health and safety, and site reinstatement costs). Initial Project Tasks This section outlines some of th e key project tasks those will be planned and managed before the project start. These tasks will be the key tasks that need to be completed in order to hold the event in time. At this stage, we will concentrate on some of the main activities that seem to be really significant for the project initiation. In this scenario we will concentrate on these project tasks and will focus on early completion of these tasks for the successful project initiation. Requirements Analysis In this project task we will deeply assess some of the main project activities to better map and understand the project needs. This will help us to better plan the project for the superior project performance. Planning At this stage of project; we will plan the project tasks and activities. In this scenario we will allocate time and resource to each project task. This project stage will involve project task planning. Legal Permission At this stage of project we will take the permission of music festival from local a uthorities. This will offer us a great deal of satisfaction (i.e. eliminating the chances of any legal issue). Recruiting At this stage we will recruit the staff for the project that will be responsible for managing and completing the project tasks and activities. This stage of project will involve publishing the job ads, interviewing the staff and recruiting them. After that we will have to train the staff. Training This will be

Critically analyse the current health promotion activities associated Essay

Critically analyse the current health promotion activities associated with this sexual health - Essay Example For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected and fulfilled† (Technical Consultation on Sexual Health in January 2002). Reproductive and sexual health and well-being are vital if people are to have a safe, responsible, and satisfying sexual lives. Good sexual health is important to both individuals and society. It is, therefore, important to have the right support and services to promote good sexual health. Sexual health requires a positive approach to human sexuality and understanding of the intricate factors that shape human sexual behaviour (Fogel 1990). These factors affect whether the expression of sexuality leads to sexual health and well-being or to sexual behaviours that put people at risk or make them vulnerable to sexual and reproductive ill-health. Health programme managers, policy-makers and care providers, need to understand and promote the potentially positive role sexuality can play in people’s lives and to build health services that can promote sexually healthy societies. The level of concern related to sexual health among health care professionals, the Government and the public is presently high. This has been as a result of growing rates of infection, the arrival of the HIV epidemic in the 1980s, confirmation of heightened risk taking and often inadequate control of infections. Common conditions now include Chlamydia, non-specific urethritis and wart virus infections, but almost all sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are becoming more common (Stokes 1997). The frequency of visits to branches of genitourinary medicine (GUM) in England has doubled over the last decade and now stands at over a million a year, see figure 1 below. Diagnoses of genital Chlamydia also virtually doubled up during the 1990s, with a major marked increase in men and women aged less than 20. Current surveys of women

Reincarnation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reincarnation - Term Paper Example It guarantees to proceed with one's presence in further lives and therefore having a replenished opportunity to accomplish liberation. Another real explanation for accepting resurrection by such a variety of individuals today is that it appears to clarify the distinctions that exist among individuals. Some persons are solid, others are tormented their entire life by physical imperfections and weaknesses. Some people are rich, others are at the edge of starvation. Some individuals have life success and self-realization without being religious; others are followed by losses, disregarding their religious devotion. As reincarnation is bonded with karma, which stresses cause-and-effect relationships and their outcomes; it becomes an ultimate tool for punishment or rewards. The classical paradigm of the rebirth was figured in India, however absolutely not sooner than the ninth century BC, when the Brahmana texts were created. After the Upanishads plainly characterized the idea between the seventh and the fifth century BC, it was received by the other critical Eastern religions which started in India, Buddhism, and Jainism. Because of the spread of Buddhism in Asia, the resurrection was later received by Chinese Taoism, yet no sooner than the third century BC (Valea). The concept of reincarnation is central in Hinduism. Its understanding could not be reached avoiding recognition of the nature of samsara – which is a circle of lives. The liberation from samsara is an ultimate goal of human life, it is called moksha.

Reading Responses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading Responses - Assignment Example Further, her contentions that Clinton failed to gauge and evaluate the audience by not fitting the social norms were not appropriately substantiated. The audience would most predominantly be composed of both the male and female gender and the effectiveness of the speaker depends not solely on fitting the social norm, but in addressing the purpose of the speech that caters to the needs of the audience. The arguments that finally shift the blame to the American public for Clinton’s supposed failure as a rhetor was equally ludicrous. An effective rhetorical analysis should have used pathetic, logical and ethical appeals that are fair, objective and credible. Does it mean that because Clinton was manifesting her experience as a lawyer, expert, and advocate, she is already exhibiting a masculine speaking style? Do these roles and responsibilities only fit the male gender and render them befitting for

Icts Hotels In The Hospitality Information Technology Essay

Icts Hotels In The Hospitality Information Technology Essay The revolution in ICTs has profound implications for financial and social maturity. It has pervaded every aspect of human life whether it is health, education, economics, governance, entertainment etc. Dissemination, propagation and accessibility of these technologies are viewed to be integral to a countrys development strategy. The most important benefit associated with the access to the new technologies is the increase in the supply of information. The secondly thing would be it also decreases the cost of production. Knowledge is transmitted, produced, accessed and shared at the least cost. With the decrease in the transactional costs, there is also a decrease in the degree of inefficiencies. Thirdly it has overcome the constraints of distance and geography. ICTs have cut across the geographic boundaries of the nation states. Buyers and sellers are able to contribute information, specifications, production process etc across the national borders. It enables all to know the comparat ive improvement in the market economy. It leads to the larger markets and increased access to global supply chains. Fourthly it has led to more transparency. Networking and information sharing definitely leads to demands for greater openness and transparency. Whether you want to know the status of the central banks foreign exchange agency or the cost prize of potatoes in the local market, ICTs empowers the individual with the information access, which is transparent. Efforts are under way to integrate ICTs to all sectors and developmental activity. Tourism is one such potential area. Information Communication and Technology is one the most important and growing field that every company and almost all the sectors are adopting to simplify work and also to reduce man power. ICT plays a major role in Tourism sector so as considering the example of a hospitality firm. Tourism includes many sectors like transport food, accommodation, restaurant, cultural activity and leisure, so fit all these sector into one particular form there is always the need of advance focus and development of itself to fulfil the customer needs. Now a days tourism sector fully focus on customer satisfaction as people who wants to travel has become independent by fulfilling their requirements on their own than to depend on a third person to help them do the sufficient requirements. In this processes ICT acts as a fully fledged support and a user friendly thing that even a normal person has started using internet to run his routine. In the developing world internet is become peoples second brain and it makes most of the things for man. So this assessment focuses on the main contribution of ICT in Hospitality that is in Hotel Industry. Purpose The main Purpose of this assignment is to find out the role of Information communication technology (ICT) in hospitality tourism sector.ICT acts as the main source of any industries development and also adds up to the reduction of man power and time, it is also used as a source to reduce problems. Even though, little is known about the extent or level of use of ICT. The ICT has become the major consideration, as it has become the revolutionizing equipment of the hospitality Industry. This study will look into the prosperity for the adoption of ICT based facilities in the hospitality industry. This also covers the problems that impacting the adoption of ICT in hospitality firm. This assignment contributes and finds out these issues.   Findings: This finding says that almost 80 per cent of the businesses use ICT efficiently, mainly to provide information and improve service quality. In addition, some firms had already adopted very effective methods of using the internet for sales and marketing but ignored supply functions. We will be surprised to notice that ICT is seen as a way of enhancing personal service and that rather than a barrier, it is seen to promote quality of service. Moreover, the respondents did seem to have used ICT effectively to overcome the disadvantages of place. Objective: The main objective to be focused on the assessment comprises of all the following issues and factors that helps us understand the importance, development and the barriers of ICT in the tourism field, especially focus in a branch of it that is the Hospitality sector: The impacts of ICT towards Hotel industry The ongoing use and implementation in the particular field The major support and the main value of ICT The successful implementation of IT in hotel industry and its advantages The functioning of it towards marketing purpose and the way it support for the success of execution. The Impacts of ICT towards Hotel Industry: Hospitality industry is a highly information intensive industry, so information technology and communication has a wide impact in the particular industry. Information communication technology has created a new revolution in the world of tourism industry. The tourism industry is a big market in terms of the number of tourist visiting a particular place. It is stated that ICT has caused restructuring phenomenon (intermediation, dis-intermediation and re-intermediation in parallel) in the hotel industry. It proves that ICT has improved operating efficiency of hospitality industry as well as planning and booking experience of customers. ICT has a great impact in hospitality industry- it enables direct contact with customers/guests and improves effectiveness and efficiency of clients services. ICT provides new tools and also enables new channels, creating new business environment in the industry, requiring all new skills. ICT also makes the competition harder and so it demands a continuous investments on developing things and keeping it updated. In all these impacts there are two major areas which are highly influenced by ICT that is electronic commerce and revenue commerce Electronic commerce: This can be defined as a secure exchange of information: Business to business Business to clients clients to clients business to government business to client communication research to business  [1]   Notes: GDS Global distribution system CRS Central reservation system DMC Destination Management Company DMO Destination Marketing Organisation 2Traditional valve chain The value chain changes into a new concept as now a day it is focused just into internet that is almost most action depends on internet the value chain changes to: 3Internet based value chain Revenue Commerce: Revenue managements sounds like the top most management, but most hotels are small and medium sized so every employee acts as a revenue manager. So it is an important factor that every employee is provided with knowledge of revenue management at all levels of the hospitality industry The main goal of the revenue management is: (a) Maximise yield (price units sold) or minimise lost revenue per available product unit in view of average cost per available product unit; (b) Control availability of price products by customer revenue potential and forecast segment mix; (c) Control daily availability of price products lower than full price, based on unsold inventory, time left to sell and segment total demand.  [4]   To fulfil these objectives, tourism professionals need strong knowledge in areas as marketing, finance management, statistics, customer service principles and distribution trends. Implementation in the particular field: The use of computer its technology has vastly developed from 1980s to the year of 1990s. A survey given in 1980 said that a fewer amount of 10% were using computer technology. There were different surveys stating the usage of technology in hospitality industry in operating things efficient and making guest satisfaction. There are two factors that affect the use of IT in an accommodation establishment. First is the type of clientele and secondly the complexity of operations. Considering the type of clientele and their experience will be affected by technology, helps us to determine the level of automation in a hotel. There are different types of clients expectation different types of services. Business travellers consider more efficient type of services as they never want to spend time in any other thing than their work, so they appreciate speed of service and faster technology. Almost the other type of clients/guests prefers hotels where technology does not intrude into their vacation and leisure experience. The complexity of a hospitality field is also impacted by many factors and computer technology plays a major role. Larger the property, larger the technology resorts with many activities like golf, tennis, multi-restaurants and other benefits has gained a lot through IT technology. Hotel Size % using IT % high IT needs % agreeing IT enhances guest satisfaction Less than 100 rooms 89.4 28.9 70.2 101 to 300 room 96.7 43.6 83.2 Over 300 rooms 97.2 57.4 86.1 Different hotels use different technology to enhance their facilities and some of their applications are stated above  [5]  . Property Management System (PMS) Property management system is the main central computer which acts as the core functions of the hotel information processing. It maintains all details that describe the hotel, such as the size, type and the number of rooms, the rate applicable for rooms and other facilities, and also the details concerning the guest called the guest record or the guest history. This also includes various operations such as support and control and management of different outlets of a hotel that is front office, reservation, back office, food and beverage inventories, bar / shop takings, hotel staff salaries and wages accounting and also some of the managerial functions; in addition it acts as a hub in interconnecting the other systems of hotel. Property management systems (PMS) can run on different platforms and different software environments, depending on the size and type of a particular hotel, and the number of required instalments. As they spread more and more, it is the intension of Utell to con nect directly to them. They are grown up with a rapidly high ratio and still expected for a high level of growth. This is the ultimate solution to the no reservation on arrival problem and also increases the overall efficiency of a hotel. Hotels usually implement their PMS on an in-house computer. That does not mean that they should have an in house IT department to support it. Most of the PMSs are turn-key systems that can be used simply by anyone as it is mostly being handled by the hotel staffs. Property Management System acts upon the requirements of a hotel, for example a small hotel or a guest house (less than 100 rooms) can be handled with a single computer to store and process guest information and room data and also generate management reports. A medium size hotel (100 to 300 rooms), will need a local area networks with a small workstation installed in different departments. A file server is used to keep all the softwares and files to allow various tasks to be performed on the same time such as check in and check- out concurrently. For properties more than 500 rooms, an even main frame computer technology may be needed for frame computer technology may be needed for a heavy volume of transaction 6 Uses of ICT in hospitality sector: There are numerous places where the ICT is used in a hotel industry, this implementation of technology helps save time and also reduces man power. The PMS software, which is used in the hotel industry acts as the key point from which most of the hotel operations are done. The main functions are stated as: Check-in, check-out and guest accounting Guest History Room Management Hotel reservation CRS distribution Point-of-sales Food and beverage systems Back- office systems Check-in, check-out and guest accounting This process of checking in a guest can be made more efficient by the technology for information technology. The check-in actually means that a guest file becomes active or a new file is opened for a guest who check- inns without any reservation made before the arrival and following this process, a guest folio is being created. The PMS has a walk-in option for the guest without reservations. The main interfaces between the PMS and credit card verification systems in the banks are used to ensure that a credit card has sufficient funds for the length of the stay of a guest. After this process a guest is being registered officially and handover the key of the room that is assigned to him. There is a machine in the hotel lobbies that allows the guest to easily access to self check-in and quickly finish their process. These machines are connected to the PMS and are active after the guest swipes the credit card or also by the notion detector which detects the approach of the guest. All the process is being carried on in this machine without a front office staff interaction that is it greets the guest, guide them through the necessary procedures to check-in themselves, then assign a room and also issue a key for the room. They also have options to activate the energy management system that is the phone, and voicemails for the rooms. A self check-in machine is most of the time a touch screen and very rarely keyboard operated and this machine can be used by both the guest with or without reservation. Once a guest folio is created at check-in, then after all the charges made throughout the stay are posted to that folio either manually or electronically. Manual posting are done by back office staffs and electronic postings are done by software and hardware interfaces and done rapidly without any mistakes. The check- out procedure in a automated hotel do not require guest to pay in the front office neither it automatically transfers funds via credit cards that allows express self check- out, in which the guest folio is being presented under the door and the credit card is automatically billed if there is no discrepancies. PMS software also translates the bills into numerous languages used by hotels with a large international clientele. Guest History: Guest history is well known as database which all the hotels maintain as a part of PMSs work and it is a powerful marketing tool. After every guest checks out the room the guest information is placed into a guest history database by the PMS. This database contains all the information of the guest that is the preference during their stay and the consumption of things/ food or any other thing from the hotel during the stay, these informations are maintained for three main purposes, To enhance future marketing activities To facilitate future reservations To customize guests future visits  [7]   Room Management: The room management is a important component of PMS which tracks the status of the rooms, which helps the housekeeping to distribute rooms for cleaning duties. The typical room status followed by the PMS is occupied, vacant, dirty, clean, inspected and uninspected this allows the front office to allow the clean rooms and get the other rooms ready for occupancy. On every check- in and check- out, the room status changes accordingly. The status of the room can be changed by both housekeeping and front office, by the notification of housekeeping and also the housekeeping can do it by the PMS terminal provided in the housekeeping desk  [8]  . Food and Beverage Systems: This part of system controls the food and beverage stock that is necessary for the hotels daily operation. It also has the price of the item and its suppliers to act upon customer demands. Point-of-sale systems: This is a sub-system which comprises of payment handling that produces bills; this machine accepts various financial instruments from the guest, that is credit card, cash, guest cards etc. Back Office Systems: This is a set of systems that records all transactions and maintains the hotels account book on all the transactions made by date, month and year. Almost three years details are being maintained by this systems and the other records before three years are kept as a backup. This system wires the sales ledger, purchase ledger, purchase bills, accounts payable and general ledger. 9 Marketing and Guest History Housekeeping and room management Executive decision making Accounting night audit Reporting printer Self check-in Printers Guest folio Front Desk/Cashier Reservation PMS UPS Remote check-in The major support and the main value of ICT There are many other industries that support information technology, as they are also into a vast influence by this particular field. Tourism on a whole has a constant growth with the help of information technology. The advert of information technology launches new things to make everything new travel, tourism, hospitality, airlines, food industry and many more. The service industry is one of the major components of the global economy, particularly in the developed countries. This sector has accounted for a two third of the employment, so in the recent upcoming years hospitality industry get to pay the main attention, which is the main driving force of being the successful industry. The outstanding growth of hospitality industry can be related to the fact that their basic characters are highly compatible with the major technical source of innovation opportunities. Because of its advantage on the capability of the communication field and increased information channels, information tec hnology saves cost while increasing the output and the quality of most service productions. However, the main value added by the IT industry to the hospitality firms is not only limited to the supply side. As an example we could take an instant thing that ICT has reduced the need of the front office staffs, as interaction and time is saved where there are many ways that is made technologically than to use man power. In addition information technology supports and improves the hospitality industry, with its interaction with suppliers and users, which is major source of information for the industry. On the other hand ICT plays a vast role in recognising the completion advantages and its vital improvement accordingly to these innovation activities according of the industry. The successful implementation of IT in hotel industry and its advantages: The implementation of information technology in the hospitality industry is to a large extent changed and is properly planned and well managed. Now a days personal computers have been introduced and which even being replaced by mini- computer based systems. To be well effective the organization has to plan and implement with an overall long time plan. Once a strategic plan is being made, then the information technology plan has to be planned. This should include the clear role that technology will play in achieving the target of the Hotel. It is planned in a way that it comprises of the present and future plans of the company, so as to work in a well planned successful way. These planning help to implement a successful technology which adds advantages to the hotel by its advance technology. There are vast advantages of IT that can be stated in which the few are saves lots time, reduces man power, makes a guest happy for making things efficient and faster. The technological development is a gift to the upcoming hotels which plans a high income and a success. A computer technology in a hotel focuses on four main aspects, Speed: A computer technology is an electronic device which can handle and process hundreds of transactions in a fraction of time, which results in the quick completion of difficult tasks. Discipline: the implementing advantage is being taken for it to perform a same task again and again without any mistake and without any distractions Accuracy: it does what we really need and according to the command, as a result they do not commit any mistake and all the calculations are accurate. Capacity: the analysis of any in-depth process and large amount of data performance can also be made in less time instead of doing things manually  [10]  . The functioning of it towards marketing purpose and the way it support for the success of execution: Every department facilities a different advantage with the technology and the sale and marketing also has its own advantage from the implementation of IT sources. These systems store a large amount of information that helps understand the measures of accommodation and hospitality business. In particular it saves the guest information that helps maintain a data base of the guest profile providing information for marketing purposes, which is a strong marketing tool called pull marketing. Another important factor for marketing is the yield management, which has the record of past performance of a room and the hotel that is the occupancy level in a particular time or day of the year and set the optimum rates that will maximize the propertys yield management programme. SWOT Analysis:  [11]   Strength: Strength can also be advantage of the technology which is deeply discussed and explained before. Successful hotels are constantly trying to adapt new technological improvement to keep them updated and to meet the necessary needs of the customer or a guest. These days people are looking forward for more and more technological based things to save time on whatever they do. Business guest needs to access internet in where ever they are for their official purposes like emails during their business trip. They would even need video conferencing, when a company holds a business meet in a hotel, so when a hotel provides all the basic facility to keep a customer service and satisfaction in a high level then the strength of the hotel keeps increasing allowing more and more development of technology. The basic strength that can be added is the quality of work can be high. This also tent to reduce manpower and low the wages, which can produce a highly skilled human resources. It also allows us to follow the service standard. This helps to bring highly skilled professional as this needs knowledge to work in. Weakness: As the technology increases it also leads to some of the weaknesses which should also be considered when taking steps to improve, as the technology gives you all the things you need there is always a lack of practical knowledge and also a dearth of suitable candidates. Until the system tells you the name of a particular guest who is a regular customer to our property we dont try to remember as it is said to be technological. This field is a still developing field but not a developed field as it has a small number of adaptation in some countries. Lack of jobs is also to be considered in countries with more population. Lack of effective marketing and aggressiveness in the field work can also be a weakness. Opportunities: There are facilities to provide high quality information technology market. It also adds up by increasing the number of educated people working. It allows and helps the development of any developing countries by making them adapt the culture of IT. Upcoming international players in the market would also an added opportunities. Hotel industry is developing in recent days in a rapid speed with the advantage and opportunities provided by the information technology and communication. Threats: There is a minimum thread as many threats are being reduced by time and development. When a threat is being seen there is a development to rectify that threat but still in some hotels these are still lacking to be developed for example lack of data security systems. And the development of IT also concentrates in a few cities only. Large market can also be an abstract as it may need a huge concentration or field work. Conclusion: The use of information technology and communication has a vast influence in all the sectors and mainly in hospitality industry. These things are well discussed and given an appropriate values that would add advantages to the statements given. Hospitality sector is mainly into a high touch service- based industry requiring technology to put it forward. The readings clarify that the exact use of technology in this particular field can increase the efficiency and reduce cost on human and financial services can be funnelled into personal services. In these discussions we also come to know that the use of technology in a correct way can be used as a successful tool. The implementation of technology by the managers is a challenge for them in many areas of the properties, the appointments of talented staff to be professional is a very important factor to be considered. Hospitality technology is now increasing with the pace of keeping a new generation to the computer technology and its development. So this allows most of the users to be familiar with the development of new products. the hospitality once which depended only on human resources and which was a big challenge to face, is now investigating whether robotics technology fits into their industry. There are also many successful stories behind this argument. Information technology is becoming more and more advanced and occupying the industries with its fast growth, as it becomes common and most used in hotel and restaurants, it is no longer going to be represented by the competitive advantage, instead it would prefer managers who could be creative and can use technology and information it provides rather to work on their own. These issues are being as evidence now a day by guest history systems. This database must be analysed and turned into real knowledge to improve decision making capacity and the satisfaction of the customer. So as to conclude Hospitality industry is going to be the vision that is going to be successful in the future with the technological development of Information Technology and Communication.